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        1. 首頁(yè) / 抗體 / 產(chǎn)品應(yīng)用詳情

          如何選擇合適的二抗

           

          二抗是什么?

          二抗是能和一抗結(jié)合的抗體,即抗體的抗體。主要用于檢測(cè)一抗的存在。一抗特異性結(jié)合抗原的,二抗是特異性結(jié)合一抗。即一抗的Fc段或Fab片段可以充當(dāng)抗原刺激機(jī)體產(chǎn)生抗體。也就是說(shuō),一抗主要是IgG類免疫球蛋白,因此二抗就是抗IgG抗體。
           

          一抗二抗都是一種可以特異結(jié)合別的物質(zhì)的基團(tuán),而且一抗可以至少結(jié)合兩種其他基團(tuán)(底物和二抗),如下圖是直標(biāo)一抗。

          1.png

           

          二抗的作用
           


          一抗是特異性的結(jié)合目標(biāo)蛋白,一抗需要發(fā)光物質(zhì)或者顯色基團(tuán)標(biāo)記才能被檢測(cè)出來(lái),否者一抗和蛋白的結(jié)合與否用肉眼是看不出來(lái)的。但是一抗往往比較特異每個(gè)都標(biāo)記成本很高,通常會(huì)使用標(biāo)記二抗可以和一抗結(jié)合,并帶有可以被檢測(cè)出的標(biāo)記(如帶熒光、放射性、化學(xué)發(fā)光或顯色基團(tuán)),所以如今的設(shè)計(jì)一般是二抗帶上可檢測(cè)標(biāo)記,再來(lái)檢測(cè)一抗,而一抗識(shí)別底物。這樣,當(dāng)一抗結(jié)合到底物上,就可以通過(guò)二抗檢測(cè)出來(lái)。

          比如ECL 顯色原理:在 ECL 底物中,含有 H2O2 和魯米諾(及其衍生物),在 HRP(辣根過(guò)氧化物酶)的作用下,發(fā)出熒光。

          2.png

           

           

          二抗使用要點(diǎn)

          二抗是由一抗種屬(比如兔,小鼠)的某一亞型的免疫球蛋白IgG免疫哺乳動(dòng)物(一般是免疫山羊、馬、驢、騾和豚鼠及小鼠等動(dòng)物)產(chǎn)生的抗體,因此二抗只結(jié)合特定的物種特定亞型的一抗。比如,羊抗小鼠(二抗)會(huì)特異性結(jié)合小鼠單抗(一抗)而不會(huì)結(jié)合兔多抗或大鼠單抗,所以二抗和一抗要匹配上。

           

           

          二抗的耦聯(lián)標(biāo)記

          實(shí)驗(yàn)方法不同,二抗耦聯(lián)的基團(tuán)就會(huì)不同,通常主要有酶(辣根過(guò)氧化酶HRP和堿性磷酸酶AP),熒光基團(tuán)(FITC、 Rhodamine、PE、Dylight、Alexa Fluor 、cy3等)、生物素、金顆粒、。一般做WB、 ELISA、 IHC等實(shí)驗(yàn)都是推薦HRP標(biāo)記的二抗,IHC推薦生物素標(biāo)記的二抗,做IF、 FC等都是熒光如Alexa Fluor 488、FITC、PE標(biāo)記的抗體。
           

           

          如何選擇合適的二抗呢

          a.免疫印記(WB)

          圖片1.png

           

          b.免疫組化(IHC/ICC)

          圖片2.png


          c.免疫熒光(IHF/ICF)

          圖片3.png

           

          d.免疫沉淀免疫共沉淀

           

          1652154598388928.png


          特殊二抗

          圖片5.png

           

          推薦產(chǎn)品信息
           

           

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          文獻(xiàn)引用

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          [2]Yu X, Wang J, Liu J, et al. A multimodal Pepstatin A peptide-based nanoagent for the molecular imaging of P-glycoprotein in the brains of epilepsy rats[J]. Biomaterials, 2016, 76: 173-186.    IF:8.402

          [3]Liu J, He Y, Zhang J, et al. Functionalized nanocarrier combined seizure-specific vector with P-glycoprotein modulation property for antiepileptic drug delivery[J]. Biomaterials, 2016, 74: 64-76. IF:8.402

          [4]Ma Y, Ji Y, You M, et al. Labeling and long-term tracking of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in vitro using NaYF 4: Yb 3+, Er 3+ upconversion nanoparticles[J]. Acta biomaterialia, 2016, 42: 199-208. IF: 6.638

          [5]Wang Y, Lin Y X, Qiao S L, et al. Polymeric nanoparticles enable reversing macrophage in tumor microenvironment for immunotherapy[J]. Biomaterials, 2017, 112(15): 3e163. IF:8.806

          [6] Liu C, He X, Liu W, et al. Bi-allelic Mutations in TTC29 Cause Male Subfertility with  Asthenoteratospermia in Humans and Mice[J]. The American Journal of Human Genetics,  2019, 105(6): 1168-1181. 34106ES60  IF:9.924

          [7]Xu T, Ding W, Ao X, et al. ARC regulates programmed necrosis and myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury through the inhibition of mPTP opening[J]. Redox biology, 2019, 20: 414-426.IF(7.126)(Alexa Fluor 488)

          [8] Tan T, Wang Y, Wang J, et al. Targeting peptide-decorated biomimetic lipoproteins improve deep penetration and cancer cells accessibility in solid tumor. Acta Pharm Sin B. 2020;10(3):529-545.  Alexa Fluor 488 labeled IgG (H+L)IF: 7.097

          [9] A Photoclick Hydrogel for Enhanced Single〤ell Immunoblotting[J]. Advanced Functional Materials, 2020, 30.33112ES60   IF: 16.836

          [10] Bingcheng Yi a,b,1, Lei Yuc,1, Han Tanga,et al. Lysine-doped polydopamine coating enhances  antithrombogenicity and endothelialization of an electrospun aligned fifibrous vascular  graft.. Applied Materials Today,2021.   33207ES60  IF:10.041

           

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